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building 'Burj Dubai' |
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2,620 ft / 801m!!! |
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most Girders can see the 'ROTATION OF EARTH' So terrifying.. |
The Indian currency is called the Indian Rupee (INR) and the coins are called paise. One Rupee consists of 100 paise. The word Rupee came from the Sanskrit word "raupya" which means silver coin.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the body that is in charge of India's numismatics and currency production and is India's National Bank.
Coins in India are available in denominations of 10 paise, 20 paise, 25 paise, 50 paise, one rupee, two rupees and five rupees. Coins up to 50 paise are called 'small coins' and coins of Rupee one and above are called 'Rupee Coins'.
Indian Coins : Paise
10 paise
25 Paise
50 Paise
1 Rupee coin
2 Rupee coin
5 Rupee coin
Indian bank notes :Rupees
The present denominations of bank notes in India are issued in the denomination of Rs.10, Rs.20, Rs.50, Rs.100 and Rs.500. These notes are called bank notes as they are issued by the Reserve Bank of India (Reserve Bank). The printing of the 1, 2 & 5 denominations has been discontinued as these denominations have been coinised. However, such notes issued earlier are still in circulation.
One Rupee
Two Rupees
5 Rupees
10 Rupees
20 Rupees
50 Rupees
100 Rupees
500 Rupees
1000 Rupees
The Reserve Bank can also issue notes in the denominations of one thousand rupees, five thousand rupees and ten thousand rupees, or any other denomination that the Central Government may specify. There cannot, though, be notes in denominations higher than ten thousand rupees in terms of the current provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Coins can be issued up to the denomination of Rs.1000.
The Reserve Bank manages currency in India, by deciding on the various denominations, designing of bank notes, including the security features. The Reserve Bank also estimates the quantity of notes that are likely to be needed. Notes fit for circulation are reissued and the others (soiled and mutilated) are destroyed so as to maintain the quality of notes in circulation. The Reserve Bank derives its role in currency management on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
This is the list of important days in india.
12-Jan National Youth Day.
15-Jan Army Day.
26-Jan India's Republic Day and International Customs day.
30-Jan Martyrs' Day
24-Feb Central Excise Day.
28-Feb National Science Day.
8-Mar International Women's Day.
15-Mar World Disabled Day.
21-Mar World Forestry Day.
21-Mar International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
23-Mar World Meteorological Day.
5-Apr National Maritime Day.
7-Apr World Health Day.
18-Apr World Heritage Day.
22-Apr Earth Day.
1-May Workers Day (International LaborDay).
3-May Press Freedom Day.
May (2nd Sunday) Mother's Day.
8-May World Red Cross Day.
11-May National Technology Day.
15-May International Day of the Family.
17-May World Telecommunication Day.
24-May Commonwealth Day.
31-May Anti-Tobacco Day.
4-Jun International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression.
5-Jun World Environment Day.
June(2nd Sunday) Fathers Day.
26-Jun International day against Drugabuse & Illicit Trafficking.
27-Jun World Diabetes Day.
6-Jul World Zoonoses Day.
11-Jul World Population Day.
3-Aug International Friendship Day.
6-Aug Hiroshima Day,
9-Aug Quit India Day and Nagasaki Day.
15-Aug Independence Day.
29-Aug National Sports Day.
5-Sep Teachers' Day.
8-Sep World Literacy Day.
16-Sep World Ozone Day.
21-Sep Alzheimer's Day.
26-Sep Day of the Deaf.
27-Sep World Tourism Day.
1-Oct International day of the Elderly
3-Oct World Habitat Day.
4-Oct World Animal Welfare Day.
8-Oct Indian Air Force Day.
9-Oct World Post Office day.
10-Oct National Post Day.
13-Oct UN International Day for Nationaldisaster reduction.
14-Oct World Standards Day.
15-Oct World White Cane Day( guiding theBlind).
16-Oct World Food Day.
24-Oct UN Day, World development information Day.
30-Oct World Thrift Day.
14-Nov Children's Day ( in India )
20-Nov Africa Industrialization Day.
29-Nov International Day of Solidarity with Palestinian People.
1-Dec World Aids Day.
4-Dec Navy Day.
7-Dec Armed Forces Flag Day.
10-Dec Human Right Day.
23-Dec Kisan Divas Farmer's Day).
London, Sep 12 (IANS) Getting water out of the thin air is now possible, thanks to a new technology.
‘Drinking water can be extracted from the humidity in the air even in the desert or in the middle of a megacity,’ thanks to a technology developed by the Fraunhofer Alliance SysWasser, Germany.
The principle behind it is a salt solution that runs down from a tower-shaped system and absorbs water from the air, known as hygroscopic brine. This brine is then pumped into a tank that stands a couple of metres high and contains a vacuum.
Then, energy from solar collectors heats up the brine and the evaporated salt-free water condenses over a distillation bridge. The brine concentrates again and flows down on the surface of the tower to absorb humidity in the air, according to a Fraunhofer statement.
This process is exclusively based on regenerative sources of energy such as simple solar collectors and photovoltaic cells, meaning that this method is completely energy self-sufficient.
That means that it functions in areas where there is no electrical infrastructure. This process is particularly well suited for extracting drinking water in arid and semi-arid areas where more water evaporates than precipitation falls.
source:justkannada.in
No Year Location President
1 1915 Bangalore H. V. Nanjundaiah
2 1916 Bangalore H. V. Nanjundaiah
3 1917 Mysore H. V. Nanjundaiah
4 1918 Dharwad R. Narasimhachar
5 1919 Hassan Karpura Srinivasa Rao
6 1920 Hospet Rodda Srinivasa Rao
7 1921 Chikkamagaluru K. P. Pattana Shetty
8 1922 Davangere M. Venkatakrishnaiah
9 1923 Bijapur Siddhanta Shivashankar Shastri
10 1924 Kolar Hoskote Krishnashastri
11 1925 Belgaum Benagal Ramarao
12 1926 Bellary Pha. Gu. Halkatti
13 1927 Mangalore R. Tatacharya
14 1928 Gulbarga B. M. Srikantaiah
15 1929 Belgaum Masti Venkatesh Iyengar
16 1930 Mysore Aluru Venkata Rao
17 1931 Karwar Muliya Thimmappaiah
18 1932 Madikeri D. V. Gundappa
19 1933 Hubli Y. Nagesh Shastri
20 1934 Raichur Panje Mangesh Rao
21 1935 Mumbai N. S. Subbarao
22 1937 Jamkhandi Bellave Venkatanaranappa
23 1938 Bellary Ranganath Diwakar
24 1939 Belgaum Mudaveedu Krishnarao
25 1940 Dharwad Y. Chandrashekar Shastri
26 1941 Hyderabad A. R. Krishna Shastri
27 1943 Shimoga Da Ra Bendre
28 1944 Rabkavi S. S. Basavanala
29 1945 Chennai T. P. Kailasam
30 1947 Harpanahalli C. K. Venkataramaiah
31 1948 Kasaragod Ti Ta Sharma
32 1949 Gulbarga Uttangi Channappa
33 1950 Solapur M. R. Srinivasamurthy
34 1951 Mumbai M. Govinda Pai
35 1952 Belur S. C. Nandimath
36 1954 Kumta M. V. Seetharamiah
37 1955 Mysore Shivaram Karanth
38 1956 Raichur Sriranga
39 1957 Dharwad Kuvempu
40 1958 Bellary V. K. Gokak
41 1959 Bidar D. L. Narasimhachar
42 1960 Manipal A. N. Krishna Rao
43 1961 Gadag K. G. Kundangar
44 1963 Siddaganga Ram Sri Mugali
45 1965 Karwar Kadangodlu Shankar Bhatt
46 1967 Shravanabelagola Aa Ne Upadhya
47 1970 Bangalore De Javaregowda
48 1974 Mandya Jayadevitayi Ligade
49 1976 Shimoga S. V. Ranganna
50 1978 New Delhi G. P. Rajarathnam
No Year Location President
51 1979 Dharmasthala Gopalakrishna Adiga
52 1980 Belgaum Basavaraj Kattimani
53 1981 Chikkamagaluru Pu Ti Narasimhachar
54 1981 Madikeri Sham Ba Joshi
55 1982 Sirsi Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar
56 1984 Kaivara A. N. Murthy Rao
57 1985 Bidar Ha Ma Nayak
58 1987 Gulbarga Siddaiah Puranik
59 1990 Hubli R. C. Hiremath
60 1990 Mysore K. S. Narasimhaswamy
61 1992 Davangere G. S. Shivarudrappa
62 1993 Koppal Simpi Linganna
63 1994 Mandya Chaduranga
64 1995 Mudhol H. L. Nage Gowda
65 1996 Hassan Channaveera Kanavi
66 1997 Mangalore Kayyar Kinhanna Rai
67 1999 Kanakapura S. L. Bhyrappa
68 2000 Bagalkot Shantadevi Malawada
69 2002 Tumkur U. R. Ananthamurthy
70 2003 Belgaum Patil Puttappa
71 2003 Moodabidri Kamala Hampana
72 2006 Bidar Shantarasa Hemberalu
73 2007 Shimoga K. S. Nissar Ahmed
74 2008 Udupi L. S. Sheshagiri Rao
75 2009 Chitradurga L. Basavaraju
76 2010 Gadag Geetha Nagabhushan
77 2011 Bangalore G. Venkatasubbaiah
78 2012 Gangavati To Be Announced
Top Ten Indian Cars with the Best Taglines
Sometimes boastful and sometimes practical, but Taglines always make their intentions very clear. While some of the taglines we have heard are utterly genius, some are downright out of the context and unconvincing. In this article, we will present to you 15 tag lines that have taken the Indian car industry by storm. These taglines not only boosted the sales but also gave them an instant and popular identity. Read on to experience the exceptional creative brilliance behind some of the very popular taglines.
1. Hyundai Santro Xing - "The sunshine car"
It was back in 1998 when South Korean carmaker Hyundai launched the Santro Xing. The company brought in Shah Rukh Khan to romance the bubbly Ms. Preity Zinta through the vast expanses of sunflower fields. The result was that the viewer was immediately transported to a happy place full of sunshine and sunflowers. Now, 12 years and 12 variants down the lane, the Hyundai Santro still remains one of the best selling hatchbacks in the country.
2. Tata Indica V2 - "More car per car"
Tata Motors ventured in the passenger car segment in India with its Tata Indica. The Tata Indica was a totally Indian car in the true sense: with a 'made in India' engine, air conditioning, and electric windows. The "More car per car" tag justified the nature of the car.
3. Fiat Linea - "Admiration Guaranteed"
Time to face the truth. When it comes to looks, Fiat car don't always score a lot. If we are looking for performance, we will take a Fiat car any day. But looks of Fiat cars are a different story. But, Linea changed it all. When the Italian car maker launched the Linea, the tag line had to read something like that. Fiat Linea, with its clean lines and the huge eye catching grille, certainly guarantees admiration from all.
4. Mitsubishi Outlander - "What turns you on"
mitsubishi was fast losing its grip in the Indian market, and then it launched the might Outlander. When the teasers of the Outlander started, with a frustrated looking Rohit Bal smashing and tearing his work, we knew that something special and outstanding was on its way. Pajero had already established its status as an off-roader, and Mitsubishi clearly positioned the Outlander as a soft roader. The SUV is selling like hotcakes in the Indian market.
5. BMW X3 - "Any road. Any time"
Indian crowd has a certain obsession with a 'different' flavour. Hence, it was of no surprise when BMW X3's "Any road. Any time." tagline raised a few eyebrows as well as expectations. Thankfully, the BMW X3 delivers on all its promises.
6. Maruti Suzuki SX4 - "Men are back"
Maruti Suzuki cars are so small and utilitarian, they hardly appeal to the male ego. So, when Maruti launched its tallest, widest and broadest sedan in the country, the SX4, it made perfect sense to associate it with "Men are back". The aggressively and much manly designed sedan phased out the curvy and soft Baleno. Men are back? Yes, they are.
7. Audi R8 - "Design and Innovation"
What can we say about the Audi R8! It is much faster than the Porsche 997, Nissan GT-R, the Lamborghini Gallardo and the Aston Martin DB9. And you can't complain about its looks either. "Design and Innovation" seems to fit the Audi R8 bill just perfect.
8. Maruti Alto - "Let's go"
Traffic jams are possibly and by-large the biggest monsters in all cities. But there is a way to fight that monster, yes; it is called Maruti Suzuki Alto. Just get in an Alto, and you can forget the rest. The "Let's go" idea was a simple one and was delivered through a simple commercial on TV. The Maruti Suzuki Alto is the bestselling car in the Indian market.
9. Honda Jazz - "Why so serious"
You might say that Honda was trying to cash in on the Heath Ledger and The Dark Knight legacy, but the "Why so serious" tagline. This tagline might have failed to impress the audience had the Jazz been a regular run-of-the-mill hatchback. But distinctive styling and great handling makes it one of the hatchbacks around. Pity the price of the car dampens people's spirits to buy it.
10. Tata Safari DiCOR - "Reclaim your life"
The Tata Safari has been in the market for the past 12 years now. When Tata launched the first generation Turbo Diesel, it did not go well with the Indian sensibilities. Then in 2005, Tata introduced the DiCOR model along with the "Reclaim your life" slogan. Since then, the Safari has come to symbolise freedom and adventure. People also love the original commercial, with the Safari erupting from the ground behind the words "reclaim your life".
source:internet
Interesting Facts about the Tata Nano
At a time when the demand for fuel efficient and low-cost cars is high, the entry of Tata's much publicized proposed small car Nano into the Indian car market is being widely seen as a ray of hope. Unveiled on January 10, 2008 at the 9th annual Auto Expo at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi, the Tata Nano is a small, affordable city car primarily aimed at Indian car market.
Widely perceived as the "People's Car" and touted as the “Cheapest car in the world” available for Rs 1 lakh, the Tata Nano is a dream come true for Ratan Tata, the chairman of the Tata Motors. Though it has received an overwhelming response as soon as it was unveiled, the road for Tata Nano was not smooth. Yet to be commercial launched in India and elsewhere, the car has faced may hurdles in its path. Here is an interesting peep into the journey of the Nano from a mere concept to reality:
Nano's mission began way back in 2003 when Ratan Tata first thought of gifting the India’s middle class society a car that will carry a price tag of a two wheeler and features of a four wheeler. The Nano concept popped up into his mind when he saw a family traveling somehow scrambled in a two wheeler in rain. The very site of this urged him to build a car that will suit the need of middle class family.
Earlier, Nano was speculated to be a simple four-wheel auto rickshaw. But this was then clarified by Ratan Tata that it’s "a real car" and not any vehicle with plastic curtains or roof. The Nana rather has a roomy passenger compartment with generous leg space and head room.
According to the Tata Motors, the conceptualization of the Nano was a highly refined idea. With an emphasis on innovation and new design approaches, the Nano was designed at the Institute of Development in Automotive Engineering, Italy.
The Nano would be available in Standard, Deluxe, and Luxury variants. The Deluxe and the Luxury variants are air-conditioned and have body coloured bumpers. Alloy wheels, fog lamps, and ICE are the other features of the Luxury variant. Most notably, the Nano has 21% space in the interior and 8% smaller exterior compared to its closest competitor Maruti 800.
Carrying a length of 3.1m, width of 1.5 m, and height of 1.6 m and adequate ground clearance, the little Nano can easily manoeuvre on busy roads in cities as well as in rural areas.
Tata Motors is also working on an environment-friendly electric version of the Nano called the E-Nano. It would be the world's cheapest electric car if it gets launched in the market. It is also said that E-Nano would have attached or side solar panels. Further, a hybrid Nano is also speculated to make its entry.
Tata Nano has already generated competition even before its entry into the market. Bajaj Auto is said to be working on a small car project pitted against the Nano carrying same price delivering 30km/litre. Fiat, General Motors, Ford, Hyundai, and Toyota are also interested in producing small and highly affordable cars aimed largely at middle-class consumers. Players like the proposed inexpensive and eco-friendly electric cars like the Tara Tiny, the Oreva Super are expected to take on the Nano.
Tata's ambitious small car was named Nano because it connotes high technology and small size. The Nano made its European debut at the Geneva Auto Show 2008 and successfully gathered huge crowd. The onlookers marveled at its small wheels, straw-sized exhaust pipe, and single windshield wiper.
The Nano will be offered in a wide range of body colours, and other accessories so that the car can be customized to individual preferences. It can comfortably seat four persons. Four doors with high seating position make ingress and egress easy.
The Nano comes with a rear-wheel drive. The lean design has helped to minimize weight, which further maximize performance per unit of energy consumed and delivers high fuel efficiency.
Tata Motors claims that the Nano is completely safe. It features crumple zones, intrusion-resistant doors, seat belts, strong seats and anchorages, and the rear tailgate glass bonded to the body. Also, the Nano's emission performance exceeds regulatory requirements with low carbon dioxide emissions thereby providing the twin benefits of an affordable transportation solution with a low carbon footprint. Its pollution levels are lesser than the two-wheelers being manufactured in India today.
Tata Motors is likely to start Nano bookings from March or April 2009. The Nano was originally planned to be launched commercially in October 2008 but the land issues at Singur in West Bengal delayed the launch of the car. Ratan Tata then moved the Nano plant to Sanand, near Ahmedabad, Gujarat. In addition to the Uttarakhand facility, the Tata Motors also plans to manufacture the Nano from various facilities including the Pune and Pantnagar plant.
Since the day it was announced, masses across the world were keen to know how the ‘People's Car’ looks. The Tata Motors' website received nearly 7.9 million hits on January 10, 2008 (the day the Nano was unveiled), while the Tata Nano website registered 4 million hits in 30 hours.
It is interesting to know that Tata Motors has already won the Wall Street Journal Technology Innovation Award in the 'Transportation' category for 'very impressive design accomplishment' for the Nano. The contest had received over 700 entries, which were later brought down to 162 for the final selection.
Nano Disadvantages - Nano Drawback
Nano is made of light weighing steel and as the front side of the car is not too long there may maximum damage and its top speed is 90km/hr and there is no power steering . But such a small car will not require power steering. There is no AC , cassette player and power windows in the basic model .It has only 4 gears whThe only drawback is of saftey measure, and at most of frontal crash.
Who the hell is looking for a music player,power-windows, auto-transmission in just Rs. 1.5 lac. or lesser for a base model.ich are manual and the fuel tank capacity is 30lts
Though the Nano can be a poor mans car, its lack of all safety features. Its having no disc brakes, engine is on the rare side so head on collision will have a greater impact on the passengers of the car, body is made of superlight material almost resembling fibre material. Overall not at all safe and waste of money. Instead of it we can go for M800 or Suzuki Alto
Technical experts blame the position of the battery for such incidents. "It's quite a serious issue as the fuse and the main circuit breaker should have had gone off before the fire. There could be over-rated electrical parts in the car, which led to the fire," said a former official with the Automotive Research Association of India.
Tata Motors said it may undertake a pre-emptive check on the 7,500-odd Nanos that have been delivered till date, after a faulty combination switch in the world's cheapest car resulted in fires in at least three cases across the country
Three cases of fire in the car had been reported in the past few days in Delhi, Lucknow and Ahmedabad. There were no reports of injury or loss of life in any of the incidents.
. The country's largest manufacturer of cars and trucks by sales, however, said it was not considering a recall of the car for the time being. It said its experts will check all the cars with customers, purely as a precautionary measure. Unlike in the US and European car markets, recall of cars is not mandatory in India, even in cases of technical faults.
"There seems to be some minor problem in the combination switch area. Of the two cars that we have had access to, this caused smoke and localised melting of plastic parts," said Tata Motors spokesman Debashish Ray, who chose to play down the incidents
•No Hand Brake.
•Engine at the rear. So no protection at the front in case of accident.
•Top speed - 90 Kmph (Kilometer per hour). Thats why it would be just a city car more or less, no long drives! Pity!!. So, it would not be popular among youth who need speed which they get in Bikes.
•Made up of low grade metal - Aluminium
•Mileage: 20 Kmpl in spite of being light weight
•Low Quality interiors - Seat cover are made up of leather.
•No spare Tire.
•Small sized Dashboard which can't safeguard against collision from front.
•Low Priced gearbox from Kinetic Scooter Company.
•Very ugly interiors.
•Seats uncomfortable much like a Three-Wheeler.
•Emission norms not followed properly.
•Not powerful, Slow Pickup (0-20 Kmph)
•Little Advantage in Hot Places: It has an AC (Air Conditioner) I guess!!
believe there are advantages and disadvantages to the introduction of the nano
so i will speak for both....
first of all the nano is a city car it will not be used much to travel between cities like the other cars....
so there will be an increased level of traffic during the peak hours of travel....
but the number of fatal accidents caused by bikes will be reduced because of the nano
talking abt accidents fatal ones caused by cars itself ...the number of accidents will be great...
because the nano is made out of light weight aluminium..
it will fold up like a matchbox in an accident
but enough abt the death part...
Nano is a 33 PS (33 hp/24 kW) car with a 623 cc rear engine .
the maruti 800 another small car has great problem going ip a slope loaded up with 4 full grown passengers..
so there are doubts abt the capabality of the nano...
